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Shigellosis

Shigellosis is an infection that affects the intestines. Anyone can get shigellosis, but it often occurs among children ages 5 and younger.

You can get shigellosis from contaminated food or water, or from contact with an infected person, such as by sharing eating utensils changing diapers or touching contaminated objects or surfaces. Infected people can spread Shigella bacteria through their stool.

Symptoms

Shigellosis can cause mild or severe diarrhea, fever, nausea and cramps. There may be traces of blood or mucus in the stool. These symptoms may appear one to seven days after exposure to Shigella bacteria, but they usually start appearing in two to three days.

Some people with shigellosis have no symptoms at all.

Prevention

To prevent the spread of Shigella bacteria at home and in your community:

  • Stay home when sick and keep children who are sick home from child care and school.
  • Wash your hands often with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds, especially before eating or preparing food and after using the bathroom or changing a diaper.
    • Help children wash their hands often. Use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol when soap and water are not available.
  • Do not prepare or share food or drinks when sick.
  • If a child is sick, they should not share toys with others.
  • Do not share towels.
  • Clean and disinfect all objects and surfaces that may have been used or touched by someone with shigellosis (such as toys, doorknobs, handrails, tables, sinks, cups and diaper changing tables).

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for shigellosis. Most people get better on their own in five to seven days. In severe cases, a doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

People sick with shigellosis should drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. If an infected person gets dry skin, dry mouth or dry eyes, contact a doctor or hospital immediately.

Additional Resources