In the early 20th century, the corners of W. 135th Street and Lenox Avenue were a popular spot for soapbox speeches by orators of the day. Black Nationalist Leader Marcus Garvey promoted his doctrine at this site from 1910 to the late 1920's. He often found himself competing for the audience's attention with A. Philip Randolph, whose socialist views were diametrically opposed to Garvey's capitalist ideology.

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